• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    This is a list of the most popular names in the list of countries (9) in terms of number of participants (1) and the number of members (6) of the number 42 (42). (1) lisäksi on varustettu säilöntäaineen annostelijalla (101) ja ohjainyksiköllä (97), ja jossa nakutusanturi (99) tunnistaa ne värähtelyt jotka ovat peräisin siitä että terät (42) leikkaavat korsimaisen rehun vastaräusa (mu) 40 ) ja nakutusanturissa käynnistää ja pysäyttää säilöntäannostelijaa (101) kun terät (42) alkavat hienontaa rehun.
    公开号:FI20190048A1
    申请号:FI20190048
    申请日:2019-06-26
    公开日:2020-08-31
    发明作者:Filip West
    申请人:Oy El Ho Ab；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The present invention relates to an arrangement for dosing silage agent in a mainly used agricultural harvesting machine for straw-shaped crops, for example a notch, provided with a collecting unit for collecting straw-shaped crops, e.g. of dried grass in strings, where the harvester further has a chopping rotor equipped with knives and counter-bites to disintegrate the material as well as with a silage dispenser and monitoring and control units belonging to the machine to minimize the risk of over and underdosing of silage agents. When harvesting grass for silage, it is important that the straw-shaped material is first chopped briefly to enable as close a compression of the crop in the storage silo as possible. This is to minimize the amount of air, the oxygen content of which interferes with the anaerobic lactic acid fermentation, on which the entire ensilage is based. In order to ensure the quality of the grass silage, silage agents are almost always used to speed up the silage process and bring the pH of the material down to a stable level where lactic acid fermentation no longer occurs. In the first generation of simple grass choppers, so-called impact choppers, this arrangement for dosing silage agent usually consisted of a stand mounted in front of the chopper for a can of silage agent. In use, the can was swung up and down with its hopper and when a sensing arm hit the standing crop to be harvested, a simple valve was opened which allowed the can to be slowly emptied of its contents, via one or more nozzles in contact with the material stream of chopped grass.
    > Since this type of grass chopper was used only for direct harvesting of growing grass, the N chopped material was juicy and the press juice in the silo distributed the silage agent sufficiently S accurately for satisfactory silage quality.
    N E When the grass began to be harvested in a pre-dried condition to allow for higher energy intake for the ruminants (energy amount / kg feed) quality problems arose. Partly because it was difficult to get the dried material compressed hard enough to minimize the amount of air, and partly because the silage agent was evenly distributed in the material when the proportion of the press juice almost disappeared.
    Therefore, ensilers developed pump-type dispensers, where the pressure with which the ensiler was injected into the material flow was several times higher compared to the simple "can" models which worked with self-pressure. When the really large, often self-propelled precision choppers came into the picture, the material throughput in the notch multiplied. The self-propelled choppers are almost without exception provided with a pick-up unit (liftup) which lifts the material from a large string, centers the crop to the center where it is fed into a feed-in unit provided with dosing rollers. The feeding unit is followed by the chopping unit itself, usually consisting of a rapidly rotating drum provided with a large number of cutting knives. These knives cooperate with a stationary counter-knife (commonly called a counter-bite) to chop the straw-shaped material short (-10-40mm). The chopping unit also comprises a turbo unit which blows the finely chopped material up through a high exhaust pipe, with which the material is guided into the transport trolley next to it. In the above-described embodiment of a grass harvesting machine, to be able to carefully control the start and stop as well as the dosing intensity of the ensiling agent dispenser, the simple sensor described above in connection with the impact chopper is not sufficient. If the dosage of ensiling agent starts at the moment when the grass begins to be picked up by the machine, a lot of expensive (and for the environment in some cases even harmful) ensiling agents blow out through the exhaust pipe, before the stream of chopped grass reaches the exhaust pipe.
    N S Therefore, an alternative arrangement for dosing silage agents in highly efficient N grass harvesters has been developed as set forth in the following description with E subsequent claims. S
    Fig. 1a and Fig. 1b show the harvester (1) with a coupled transport trolley (16), both towed by the tractor (7).
    Fig. 2 shows the same notch without a connected trailer, but with a container for silage connected at the rear of the notch. Fig. 3 shows a basic cross-section of the chopping unit with the input unit (30). In the following, the operating arrangement according to the invention is described with reference to the attached figures 1-3. Figs. 1a and 1b show a notch (1) towed by a tractor (7) for collecting a strand (9) of straw-shaped crop. The pick-up unit (6) of the notch lifts the crop to the screw conveyor unit (26) for further transport to the feed unit (30), the feed rollers (25 and 33) of which push in the crop to the notch rotor itself (41). The PTO shaft (3) from the tractor (7)'s PTO (1000 rpm) directly drives the chopping unit (41) of the chopping unit (4) whose knives (42) together with the counter-bite (40) cut the straw-shaped material short. The turbocharger (45) of the chopping rotor blows the short-chopped material via the exhaust pipe (13) to the transport trolley. Fig. 2 shows the same notch from the side in transport position. Pay special attention to the lifting device (19) for the silage container (20) at the back of the notch. Fig. 3 shows a basic cut of the chopping unit itself consisting of the chopping drum (41) with the chopping knives 42 evenly distributed around the periphery. These cooperate with the counter-bite (40) to cut the straw-shaped material fed by the feed rollers (25 and 33) short. The turbo unit (44) of the chopper drum (41) with the fan blades (45) then blows the finely chopped material up through the exhaust pipe (13) to the transport trolley.
    N A knock sensor (99) is fitted to the counterbite (40). In an advantageous embodiment S, this consists of a piezoelectric sensor together with a knock sensor interface.
    © N
    I Ac a 00 + O S O O N
    The operation of the dosing arrangement of the present invention is as follows. The knock sensor 99 reads the vibrations in the counter-bite 40 when straw-shaped material passes over the counter-bite and is briefly chopped between the knives 42 and the counter-bite. The signal registered by the knock sensor 99 is further processed when it passes a programmable bandpass filter, in order to extract the frequency of interest, i.e. the notch signals when the knives 42 cut the straw-shaped material against the counterbite 40. The bandpass filter eliminates background noise from the notch's other sources of vibration. Their background noise usually has a low amplitude compared to the noise from the high frequency hack operation described above. Since the nominal speed of the chopping rotor is known, as well as the number of knives on its periphery, the frequency of vibration that occurs when the straw-shaped material enters between the knife and the counter-bite is precisely defined. Therefore, other frequencies can be precisely filtered out and we receive a very marked signal change as soon as material begins to be chopped short. When the control system, in the manner described above, has detected that straw-shaped material passes over the counter-bite, the ensiling agent dispenser 101 is started immediately and the ensiling agent is injected into the material. The injection nozzles 100 for the silage agent can advantageously be mounted on the "back side" of the exhaust pipe 13, in a place where the finely chopped jet of material lies close to the inner wall of the exhaust pipe, e.g. in the outer bend of a bend. Through practical measurements, the distance between the counterbite 40 to the injection nozzles can be optimized so that the time required for the material slightly chopped at the counterbite to reach the injection nozzles 100 corresponds to the start-up time of the pump of the dosing device.
    N S The main advantage of the invention lies in the fact that it effectively eliminates the harmful x-silage spillage, which occurs when ensiling agent is blown straight into the air. This E always occurs if the dispenser injects the agent into the exhaust pipe without the injection nozzles 100 being covered by a stream of short chopped stray material.
    S Short chopped material of dried grass quickly binds the ensiling agent that is pushed straight into the material stream.
    The dosing arrangement according to the invention contributes to higher silage quality due to a dosing uniformity that was previously unattainable with traditional arrangements for application of silage agents during silage. A great advantage also lies in the safer working environment which is achieved when a "fog" of silage is no longer blown out and evaporated through the notch's exhaust pipe 13, so that the "fog" can be easily inhaled especially by the tractor driver for the transport trolley 16, but also by flying insects and small insects on the ground. The invention also contributes to a lower silage agent consumption by reducing waste and thus providing better economy when harvesting straw-shaped material. The invention is not limited to the above advantageous embodiment, but a number of variations thereof are conceivable within the scope of the following claims.
    O O N O
    O © N
    I Ac a 00 + O O O O N
    权利要求:
    Claims (6)
    [1]
    An arrangement for dispensing a preservative in a shredder (1) with both a pick-up unit (6) and blades (42) for collecting a forage-like fodder such as pre-dried grasses (9) in agriculture, wherein the blades (42) together with the counterblade (40) cut the fodder short and in which the shredder (1) is additionally provided with a preservative dispenser (101) and a control unit (97), characterized in that the knock sensor (99) detects the vibrations caused by the blades (42) cutting against the coulter feed counterblade (40) and based on changes in the signal current of the control unit (97) and the knock sensor of the control unit, starts and stops the preservation dispenser (101).
    [2]
    Arrangement according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the knock sensor (99) is mounted on the counterblade (40) or on its fastening member.
    [3]
    Arrangement according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the signals of the knock sensor (40) are passed via a bandpass filter (102) in order to minimize background noise from other vibration sources of the shredder.
    [4]
    An arrangement according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the information on the number of blades of the switch drum and the instantaneous rotational speed of the switch drum is used to determine the frequency of interest which the bandpass filter (102) should not filter out.
    [5]
    Arrangement according to the preceding claim or claims, wherein the shredder (1) is provided with a pick-up unit (6) and a control unit (97), characterized in that the control unit (97) continuously registers information on the rotational resistance of the feed rollers (25, 33) during operation the information together with the filtered information S from the knock sensor (40) is also used to adjust the feed rate of the preservative dispenser (101).
    x and X
    [6]
    Arrangement according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance of the feed nozzles (100) from the counter-blade (40) is determined in relation to the start time of the preservative dispenser so that the preservative begins to flow out of the feed nozzles (100) when the shredded feed stream reaches (100).
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    US3680291A|1972-08-01|Corn harvesting machine
    US9003756B2|2015-04-14|Rake positioned between a flail rotor and an auger
    Shinners et al.2012|Single-and two-pass corn grain and stover harvesting
    US8220236B1|2012-07-17|Harvester for selectively cutting portions of crop materials
    US20120123650A1|2012-05-17|Agricultural harvesting machine
    RU2603728C2|2016-11-27|Method of agricultural harvested mass processing and agricultural harvesting machine
    US20130263565A1|2013-10-10|Combine Harvester
    CN202135497U|2012-02-08|Straw baler for rice and wheat harvest
    CN202232179U|2012-05-30|Corncob and stem all-in-one harvester
    US3933314A|1976-01-20|Chopping implement
    US3295299A|1967-01-03|Agricultural machine
    Shinners et al.2006|Single-pass, split-stream of corn grain and stover: Characteristic performance of three harvester configurations
    Mathanker et al.2014|Harvesting system design and performance
    US10820518B2|2020-11-03|Self-adaptive throwing device for stalks cutting and discharging in the longitudinal axial flow combine harvesters and its control method
    FI128614B|2020-08-31|Arrangement for dosing an ensiling additive
    US3071246A|1963-01-01|Combine attachment
    CN103210748B|2016-05-18|A kind of full-feeding combine harvester sheller unit
    CN2932972Y|2007-08-15|Stalk harvester header for crop
    CN201414297Y|2010-03-03|Green straw and dry straw storage and automatic discharge unit for harvester
    US5875622A|1999-03-02|Harvesting apparatus for comminuting plant before separation
    CN201938112U|2011-08-24|Multifunctional forage grass fragmentation machine
    CN203827756U|2014-09-17|Material conveying device used in middle straw pulverizer
    CN210840700U|2020-06-26|Crawler-type blue or green membrane all-in-one that stores up
    RU2484615C1|2013-06-20|Pickup for harvesting fiber crops
    CN207560822U|2018-07-03|Receive lodging nearside divider and wheel cutter formula Green-fodder harvesting machine
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP3756445A1|2020-12-30|
    FI128614B|2020-08-31|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US3392770A|1966-04-19|1968-07-16|Allis Chalmers Mfg Co|Forage harvester|
    DE102006061007A1|2006-12-22|2008-06-26|Alois Pöttinger Maschinenfabrik Gmbh|harvester|
    DE102009029675A1|2008-11-25|2010-05-27|Deere & Company, Moline|Device and method for detecting the sharpness of chopping knives|
    DE102009002102A1|2009-04-01|2010-10-07|Deere & Company, Moline|System for adding ensilage agent into flow of harvested goods for field chopper, has tank connected with injection nozzle, which introduces agent into harvested goods, where nozzle introduces agent into air flow|
    DE102017117966A1|2017-08-08|2019-02-14|Claas Selbstfahrende Erntemaschinen Gmbh|Adjustment device of a chopping plant of a forage harvester|
    法律状态:
    2020-08-31| FG| Patent granted|Ref document number: 128614 Country of ref document: FI Kind code of ref document: B |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FI20190048A|FI128614B|2019-06-26|2019-06-26|Arrangement for dosing an ensiling additive|FI20190048A| FI128614B|2019-06-26|2019-06-26|Arrangement for dosing an ensiling additive|
    EP20182554.4A| EP3756445A1|2019-06-26|2020-06-26|Arrangement and method for dosing of silage agent|
    [返回顶部]